Coming Full Circle :: College Writing Education Essays

approach path Full CircleRoger Sale, a former professor at the University of Washington says, I cant know what I want until I secure something I like. This is say in response to the common question asked by scholarly persons, What do you want our papers to be approximately? Hearing this must fare tiresome for teachers as well as students. Sale, in his essay on The Relationships Struck Between Writer and Reader, Reader and Writer, Student and Teacher, Teacher and Student, suggests not telling the student exactly what is wanted, to be flexible and suggest to all students that what is important is what they think, not what the teacher thinks. Over the years Ive found that teachers and students go through and through stages in the raising process in what they want to hear and what they like. Throughout this process students learn that not all teachers suck up the quality of being flexible, and lots wonder Does it proposition what I think? I think and certainly hope the stages c ome full circle. When we were young and learning to write it seemed that each denounce was an accomplishment, something to be eminent of. In elementary school our teachers encouraged creativity. Writing was fun, not a chore. It seemed we could write about anything and our teacher would write Very unattackable, stick a red star on our page and encourage more. In fifth grade I wrote a poem on the warp brown. I have no idea where the source for this poem came from and I wish I could remember what others wrote. Did we have to write about a color, specifically brown? in all probability not. I do like this color but why not pink? My poem is absolutely morbid To this day I am chastised about it. Leave it to Mom to put it in a scrapbook for my entire graduation party to read.Following is a sample of Brown. Brown I need youIll slide by you my dead animal for all you haveBrown I need you How ridiculous Who ever heard of a fifth grader composition so passionately, withal morbidly about a color? Know what? My teacher claimed he liked it Maybe he feared my morbidity. At any crop I act to write and enjoy doing so. thither seemed to be little or no boundaries in elementary school. My teachers were always flexible and encouraging they seemed to burster what I thought.There comes a time in junior high when teachers dont encourage creativity and individuality.Coming Full Circle College Writing Education EssaysComing Full CircleRoger Sale, a former professor at the University of Washington says, I cant know what I want until I see something I like. This is said in response to the common question asked by students, What do you want our papers to be about? Hearing this must get tiresome for teachers as well as students. Sale, in his essay on The Relationships Struck Between Writer and Reader, Reader and Writer, Student and Teacher, Teacher and Student, suggests not telling the student exactly what is wanted, to be flexible and suggest to all students that what is impo rtant is what they think, not what the teacher thinks. Over the years Ive found that teachers and students go through stages in the education process in what they want to hear and what they like. Throughout this process students learn that not all teachers have the quality of being flexible, and often wonder Does it matter what I think? I think and certainly hope the stages come full circle. When we were young and learning to write it seemed that each sentence was an accomplishment, something to be proud of. In elementary school our teachers encouraged creativity. Writing was fun, not a chore. It seemed we could write about anything and our teacher would write Very Good, stick a red star on our page and encourage more. In fifth grade I wrote a poem on the color brown. I have no idea where the source for this poem came from and I wish I could remember what others wrote. Did we have to write about a color, specifically brown? Probably not. I do like this color but why not pink? My poe m is absolutely morbid To this day I am chastised about it. Leave it to Mom to put it in a scrapbook for my entire graduation party to read.Following is a sample of Brown. Brown I need youIll give you my dead animal for all you haveBrown I need you How ridiculous Who ever heard of a fifth grader writing so passionately, yet morbidly about a color? Know what? My teacher claimed he liked it Maybe he feared my morbidity. At any rate I continued to write and enjoy doing so. There seemed to be little or no boundaries in elementary school. My teachers were always flexible and encouraging they seemed to care what I thought.There comes a time in junior high when teachers dont encourage creativity and individuality.

My Most Embarassing Day Ever Essay examples -- essays research papers

Dear Diary,To mean solar day was the most embarrassing day of my life. I hope this will never happen to me again. Heres how my day went.I woke up this morning around 730am. It was the Grand Final day for my Under 17s football side. We were undefeated. I was the full forward and so far I have kicked ninety seven goals. I hire at least three more goals this game to get my first one hundred goal season. I was going through my normal sunlight morning football routine. Get up, eat breakfast (nine wheat bix and two glasses of orange juice) and get changed for footy. One of my superstitions is to wear the same footy jocks Ive ill-defined all season. Every game I have worn them we have won but for some reason today I completely forgot about(predicate) them. I got to the oval at around 1030am and met my team so we coul...

The Legalization of Marijuana for Medicinal Purposes :: Medical Marijuana Drugs Papers

The legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes has become an increasingly controversial topic, with umpteen polar issues on which people have many an(prenominal) different opinions. There is opposition to the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes because it has the potential to be used incorrectly, however it is also considered that at that place is the potential for marijuana to be used in relieving the suffering of many seriously ill patients. Marijuana has been used by people for thousands of years to provide relief from many different serious medical problems. There are many doctors who currently support the effectiveness of using marijuana as treatment for various medical conditions. The many people who are suffering from cancer, multiple sclerosis, and AIDS have found that marijuana can be a very effective pain and prognostic reliever. The legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes is viewed by its opposers as one of the worst things that we could d o. Their reasons are that they tactile property that marijuana should not be legalized for medical use because it is an nefarious substance and until that is changed, prescribing it is against the law. Attorney General Janet Reno announced that physicians in any state who prescribe the drug could lose the privilege of writing prescriptions, be excluded from medicare and Medicaid reimbursements, and even be prosecuted for a federal crime (Kassier 1). Government officials such as Janet Reno are not the only ones to objective to the legalization of marijuana. Many parents groups like Mothers Against Drunk Drivers object to the legalization of marijuana for medical uses. Their objections come from a reasonable concern that there has been an increase in the use of marijuana by youth. Their concern is expand since the marijuana of today is much more potent than the marijuana of a few decades ago. The potential for these teens to obtain the drug would increase. Also, the Federal Health a nd Drug enforcement officials feel that by legalizing marijuana, they would be sending the wrong message to young people (Your Health 1). Strong evidence that shows that regular use of marijuana for long periods of clip could cause severe lung damage (Your Health 3). If the use of marijuana could damage a patients lungs, then the risk could outweigh the benefit. Marijuana smoke can be twice as toxic as tobacco smoke to a human lung. The strongest point that many make opposing the legalization of marijuana is that there just is no clear evidence that smoking marijuana can help an individual who is ill (Marijuana for the Sick 2).

Plato and Aristotle Essay -- Philosophy Essays Wellness

Plato and Aristotle Plato and Aristotle have two distinct views on wellness. However, severally mans opinion on wellness is forthwith tied in to his respective opinions on the idea of imitation as a form of knowledge. Their appreciation or lack thereof for tragedy is in fact directly correlated to their own perspective on wellness and emotion. Firstly, it is important to consider each mans view of wellnessthat is how does each man go about addressing emotional stability. One important consideration is the approach Plato takes in relation to Aristotle. It is this approach that we will see actually mirroring in the midst of how they treat emotional well-being and their tolerance for imitation.In order to understand this hypothesis that each thinkers handling of wellness is representative of how they distribute imitation (and thus, representation), we need to step back and examine how in fact each gentleman approaches the question of emotional stability and happiness. For Plato, as defined in the Republic, emotion is to be suppressed. Speaking of poetry, he says Wed be right, then to delete the lamentations of famous men (63). The idea of deletion is exactly what he is after. Taking something quite real, very much a part of the present moment, and with the swipe of an eraser, dimissing it as gone. In poetry, it is called deletion, and the words are no longer on the page. In psychology, it is called repression, and the concepts suggested for deletion are instead relegated to swell in the caverns of ones mind. Plato speaks of emotion in poetry at other times as something we should expunge (61). Again, entrenched in his linguistics is a conscious hat tip to repression, to keeping emotionbe that joy, sadness, despairout of highe... ...fact directly connect to his understanding of wellness, and the need to have an emotional release as a part of that wellness.What can then be steeped out of these observations? It becomes apparent that Plato and Aristotle do in fac t have different views on how to reconcile wellness and these different views are directly linked to their approach to imitation. For Plato, who believes in deleting and suppressing emotion, imitation is a thingamabob much too emotional for his support. The Aristotelian view that emotion is in fact a natural part of life, knowledge, and our own wellness translates in to his toleration (if not always full embrace) of imitation. While different, the two men reconcile the problems of wellness in terms of the knowledge they deem acceptable. Works CitedPlato. Republic. Translated by Grube, G.M.A. Hackett. minute of arc Ed. Indianapolis, 1992.

The Quarrel About Historical Explanation :: essays research papers

The Quarrel About Historical ExplanationThe discussion of the philosophical question of historical explanationis in reality a disagreement concerning the nature of the philosophic method.There are primarily two sides taken in this argument, those who agreewith Carl Hempel and those that do non.According to Hempel a historical event is only sufficiently explainedwhen it logic exclusivelyy fits a set of confirmed pre-existing conditions along withsome universal laws. for certain all things buttnot easily be assigned to rules and laws.Political coups, assassinations and revolutions are too complex for such a rigidexplanation. And who is to say what perquisites there are for situations. for sure there is no one who can predict every instance of a given event, thereare just too many variables.Hempel hence notes that Historians are seldom able to stick to hisprocedure and at best can only make an explanation sketch. Hempel seems to besaying then, that the majority of explanations en viron historical events areinadequate and incomplete.There are three main divisions of anti-Hempelians. There are those thatagree with Hempel to the point that there are rules and general laws that can befollowed, but a historians explanation is adequate if all he can provide is asketch. The second group states that the general laws are not necessary and aslong as the explanation provides an understandable narrative, it is complete.The final group believes that only one condition is necessary, and if moreinformation is needed, one only needs to elaborate on that one condition.The Hempelians and the anti-Hempelians both have common ground. Theyare both engaged in the philosophy of history, but this is where the agreement lucre for even the groups starting points are different.Hempelians give their explanations to answer the question of whysomething happened. Their objective is to replace curiosity with understanding.For this to happen both the laws and general rules given mustiness logically agree.In other words you must be able to deduce the answer after given the laws andrules.It would not be enough for a Hempelian to hear that conditions led up toan event. He must know himself that these conditions are causes, and hell knowthis only if the conditions are widely known or confirmed causes of give tongue to event.These conditions must not only be confirmed but true or the explanation wouldmerely be an exercise in futility.An anti-Hempelians problem with all of this is summarized in thathistorians do not use such methods to do their explaining, even if they did anexplanation may not result, and finally historians are doing a very beautiful job

The Quarrel About Historical Explanation :: essays research papers

The Quarrel About Historical ExplanationThe discussion of the philosophical head word of historical explanationis in reality a dis throwment concerning the nature of the philosophic method.There ar primarily two sides taken in this argument, those who agreewith Carl Hempel and those that do not.According to Hempel a historical event is only sufficiently explainedwhen it logically fits a set of confirm pre-existing conditions along withsome normal laws.Certainly all things cannot easily be assigned to rules and laws.Political coups, assassinations and revolutions are too complex for such a rigidexplanation. And who is to say what perquisites there are for situations.Certainly there is no adept who can predict e real instance of a tending(p) event, thereare just too some(prenominal) variables.Hempel then notes that Historians are seldom able to stick to hisprocedure and at best can only make an explanation sketch. Hempel seems to besaying then, that the bulk of explanations sur rounding historical events areinadequate and incomplete.There are three main divisions of anti-Hempelians. There are those thatagree with Hempel to the point that there are rules and habitual laws that can befollowed, but a historians explanation is adequate if all he can provide is asketch. The second group states that the general laws are not necessary and aslong as the explanation provides an understandable narrative, it is complete.The final group believes that only one condition is necessary, and if moreinformation is needed, one only needs to elaborate on that one condition.The Hempelians and the anti-Hempelians both have common ground. Theyare both engaged in the philosophy of history, but this is where the balancestops for even the groups starting points are different.Hempelians give their explanations to answer the question of whysomething happened. Their objective is to replace curiosity with understanding.For this to happen both the laws and general rules given must log ically agree.In other words you must be able to deduce the answer after given the laws andrules.It would not be equal for a Hempelian to hear that conditions led up toan event. He must know himself that these conditions are causes, and hell knowthis only if the conditions are widely known or confirmed causes of said event.These conditions must not only be confirmed but true or the explanation wouldmerely be an exercise in futility.An anti-Hempelians task with all of this is summarized in thathistorians do not use such methods to do their explaining, even if they did anexplanation may not result, and finally historians are doing a very fine job

Toyota (target costing)

Toyota Motor alliance started as a subsidiary of the Toyota Automatic Loom Works, Ltd. It was founded in 1937 as the Toyota Motor Company, Ltd. It change overd its name to the Toyota Motor Corporation in 1982 when the parent company merged with Toyota Sales Company, Ltd. In 1 993, Toyota Motor Corporation (Toyota) was Japans largest simple machine company. It controlled virtually 45% of the domestic mart. Its next largest Nipponese competitor was Ionians, with approximately 25% market share, followed by Honda and Mazda, which together represented ab off an early(a) 20%.The remaining 10% of the domestic automobile market was made up of several domestic manufacturers, including Issue, and several foreign competitors, such as Mercedes Benz and the big three American firms General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler. The domestic and world automobile markets were characterized by Intense competition. Models were b approximatet go forth rapidly despite their high development make ups. Fract ions of a percentage of market share were often viewed as representing the difference surrounded by success and failure.No Globalization Over the years, Toyota had evolved into a global firm. In 1993, a considerable sort out of the firms overseas markets were serviced by local subsidiaries that frequently seeed and manufacture automobiles for local markets. For example, local plants produced al more or less one-third of the vehicles sold in the North American market. These vehicles were produced in three plants, one in Kentucky, another in Ontario, Canada, and the tonic United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (MINIMUM) pin venture plant with General Motors.These plants produced approximately 400,000 vehicles per annum, including 220,000 Camera, 170,000 Corollas, and the remainder being pickup trucks. harvestion volumes for pickup trucks were expected to increase to approximately 100,000 in the next Professor Robin Cooper of the Peter F. Trucker Graduate Management Center at The Clare mont Graduate School and Professor scoop Tanana of Tokyo Aziza University prepared this case as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation.Copyright 1997 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, call 1-800-545-7685 or write Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA 02163. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means-?electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise-?without the permission of Harvard Business School. This document is authorized for use only by Lingua Wang at Chinese University of Hong Kong until May 2013.Copying or posting is an infringement of copyright. emailprotected Harvard. Du or 617. 783. 7860. 197-031 few years. In 1994, the firm expected to begin exporting vehicles from North America to mark ets such as Japan and Taiwan. In addition to automobiles, the firm also manufactured and sold forklifts. Toyota controlled 70% of the forklift market in the United States. The same commitment to local manufacture and control was observable in Toasts other major overseas markets. In Europe, two impudently UK plants began producing to reach 100,000 by 1995 and 200,000 social units before the end of the century.Altogether, Toyota vehicles were either manufactured or assembled in more than 20 nations. These local manufacturing facilities provided Jobs for nationals and business for local supplier firms. The relative importance of the international supplier business to Toyota was increasing. In 1992, for example, Toyota bargain ford locally approximately 70% of its parts requirements (or $5 billion) for its North American operations. The other 30% was imported from Japan, notwithstanding this percentage was expected to decrease over beat. By 1994, Toyota expected to purchase $6. Bi llion of parts from local suppliers worldwide and import $2. 9 billion for domestic use. Supplier Relationships Product physical body was also international in scope. engaging Research, Inc. , a Toyota subsidiary formed in California in October 1973, was responsible for the body styling ND interiors of sassy puts scheduled for production in North America. The design styling for European markets was coordinated from the firms design and technical centers located in Brussels. Third-party suppliers were responsible for approximately 70% of Toasts parts and materials.In particular, the hurt and quality of third-party supplied parts was considered overcritical to the firms success. In recent years, Toasts expansion into international production had required increased interaction with non-Japanese suppliers to raise their efficiency and quality to the same level as that of Toasts Japanese suppliers. Etc To servicing non-Japanese supplier firms manufacture acceptable parts, Toyota had developed programs to transfer Japanese manufacturing techniques. At the heart of these so-called design-in programs was Joint work by suppliers and Toyota organizes on new components.This Joint work began in the early stages of the vehicle- development fulfill, because prospective suppliers cited a lack of involvement in the early stages of vehicle design as an obstacle to benignant business in highballs components. In a typical design-in program, several designers competed for a part interact the firms were evaluated on the prices bid, the technology applied, and their performance. The winning firm was granted a contract for the life of the ensample. When the next model was developed the contract was once again thrown open for bidding.By 1993, more than 120 U. S. Suppliers had participated in design-in programs and firms were involved in such programs save had yet to sign contracts for parts. A similar program was in place in Europe. Toyota engineers also helped its over seas suppliers to adopt the Toyota Production System. many another(prenominal) Toyota overseas suppliers had now successfully implemented modified erosion of the Toyota Production System. The system contained four key elements just-in-time production, Kanata, total quality management, and multi- run lowal work teams.Just-in-time production avoided the human body up of excessive work-in-process inventories and increased the firms ability to respond quickly to customer demands. Kanata was the driving force behind KIT, tying production closely to customer demand. essence quality management ensured high-quality products and minimized the risk that the reduced levels of inventories would lead to stock-outs because of poor-quality components. Finally, multi-functional workers, capable of performing several tasks, dealt with the increased complexity of the production process. 2 Cost prep Cost planning at Toyota worked to reduce product price at the design stage.Toyota first bound its cost planning goals and then set out to achieve those goals by aggressive design changes. To correctly assess the gains made, the exact amount of cost reduction achieved through design changes was estimated after excluding all other factors that affected costs, such as increases in material and labor prices. The measurement process started with cost tables that helped engineers estimate he current cost of animated models. These cost tables were kept up-to-date for changes in material prices, labor rates, and production volume levels.The updated production volumes helped determine both depreciation and overhead charges that would be allocated to the new model. equation of this estimated cost to the vehicles target cost gave the desired level of nest egg, or cost-planning goal, as it was called. At the gain ground-estimation stage, also referred to as the target cost-setting stage, Toyota calculated the differences between the costs of the new and current models, strutted the ap propriate portion of the cost-reduction goal to the design divisions, and then assessed the results. realise targets for the life of the new model were also calculated as differences between estimates and targets. This process constituted the essence of budget control at Toyota. Toyota clearly specified cost reduction goals for each control unit to ensure that the companys overall goals were attained. Target be Toyota invented its target be approach in 1959. Although many major manufacturers in Japan use target costing, Toasts system is the oldest and insider by many the most technically advanced.While the idea of systematic cost reduction had existed at Toyota since it was founded, the process was first codified in the mid-sass, when the firm set itself the objective of producing a $1,000 car. Existing cost estimation played a role in target costing, but there are differences between the two. First, cost estimates relied upon existing standards while target costs were adjusted f or any future savings due to design changes. Second, cost estimates had a horizon of six months while the horizon for target costs was the time engaging until the launch of the new product.Target costing brought the target cost and the estimated cost of a product into line by better specification and design. Toasts target costing system was designed not simply to estimate the cost of new products but to enable a product to attain its utility targets throughout its life. Product Planning Toyota used two broad categories of product development, one for completely new types of automobiles and the other for changes to existing models. The development of an entirely new model, such as the Lexus, was relatively unusual.Most of the reduce development devises focused on modifications to existing models. Japanese passenger cars usually underwent major model changes all four years. However, recent fabrication trends suggested that the period between full model changes may The firm used ta rget costing primarily to support model changes, though the same planetary cost control procedures were applied to the design of entirely new vehicles. Cost estimates for new vehicles involved a greater degree of uncertainty than for model changes. 3 A model change began with a proposal from chief engineers for development of a new model.The proposal usually included Specifications such as surface (length, width, wheelbase, and interior space), weight, mileage, engine (type, displacement, and maximum power), transmission (gear and moderation ratios), chassis (suspension and brake types), and body components Development budget Development schedule and Retail price and gross sales targets. New models basically maintained the same product concept as their predecessors. Styling was not specified at this stage usually no more than a vague image was mentioned. Most of the cost incurred in any model change was for prototyping. Retail Prices and Sales Targets oodles.The retail price rema ined the same unless a change in function or performance altered the perceived value of the vehicle in the eyes of the customer. In theory, therefore, prices changed as the perceived value of the vehicle changed. Formula for List Price of a New Model The selling price of a new car model was composed of the selling price of the equivalent existing model plus any incremental value due to improved functionality. For example, adding air conditioning to the standard version of a model would increase its price by the value of air conditioning as perceived by customers.The incremental value of a new model was inflexible by analyzing market conditions. Because the automotive industry was mature, most new features already existed in virtually form on other models. For example, if air conditioning was to be included in the standard version, its added value was determined using the list price of optional air conditioners for other models. In the unlikely withalt that no equivalent option ex isted, then the firms design engineers and market specialists would estimate how much customers were willing to pay for the added feature.The price increase for an added function did not always advert its selling price as a attendant option. The incremental price for an increase in functionality might be lowered because of the firms strategy for the vehicle and because of competitors set strategies. As functions were added to the standard version, Toyota increased the selling price until it reached the upper limit for that class of vehicle. When this limit was reached, the only potential benefit from adding functionality was increased sales.Because new models were introduced some four years after the design project began, Toyota delayed setting the functionality of the standard version as long as possible. Therefore, the target price and allowance account for a new model, and thus the associated target unit price, were set quite some time before product launch. The exact function ality of the standard version was set only when factors such as competitive offerings, foreign exchange rates, and user demand were better understood. Changing the functionality of the standard version increased the probability that the new model would achieve its 4 desired level of scratchability.Similarly, the actual selling price was not fixed until Just before product launch. Delaying these two critical decisions reduced significantly the uncertainty faced by the firm. For example, suppose the incremental value assigned to an air bag in the US market was $450 but the competition had set it at $700. In this case, Toyota might increase its price by the difference. Similarly, if the competitive prices were lower, Toyota would drop its prices to match. The sales division proposed anticipated production volumes establish upon past sales levels, market trends, and competitors product offerings.The sales division typically proposed a figure that was considered safe (I. E. , achievable ), based upon the models current sales level. Optimism was restrained in favor of realistic goals. Development Plan Assisted by engineers in the design, test-production, and technical divisions, a chief engineer drafted the development plan for the new model and then led the development project. Well over a hundred engineers from the various divisions worked with a chief engineer on a typical project, but since they belonged to different divisions, probably only about a dozen people reported directly to the chief engineer.In this sense, the chief engineer was more a project leader than a supervisor of product development. The chief engineer coordinated the design process at the design divisions, which were relatively autonomous the chief engineer was expected to develop a concept for the new vehicle that spanned multiple design divisions. Toyota considered the tensions created by this matrix approach beneficial to the creative design process and worth any conflict that might arise. Toyota set the cost-planning goal based upon the product plan and the targets for the products retail price and production volume.Because an estimated price had the expected profit from product sales over its production life (usually, four years). The products target cost was the unit cost upon which the profit target was based. Calculating Target Profit and Target Cost Toyota calculated the lifetime target profit for a product, such as the Celiac, by multiplying the target sales volume by the models soften on sales (or, as it was known at Toyota, profit ratio of sales). Toyota set the sales profit ratio with reference to the corporations long-term target profit ratio.Estimated cost was determined from the firms cost tables. Estimated profit was calculated using this figure. Estimated profit was less than the target profit because the target cost included the estimated cost savings due to value engineering and other cost reduction activities. The difference between target and estim ated profit was the amount to be cut from costs through cost planning. The cost-planning goal was obtained by subtracting the estimated total profits from the target profits.The goal of cost planning was to determine the unit profit needed to achieve the profit target, and thus the amount to be trimmed from the new products cost through cost planning activities. Estimated profit equaled the retail price minus the estimated cost per unit times the production volume. As cost reduction activities were implemented, the products estimated costs decreased. If the goal was achieved, the target cost and expected cost became equal, as did the expected and target profits. Estimating remnant Costs Rather than adding together all of the costs for a new model, Toyota added the determined at the major function level. Thus, cost planning could begin even before blueprints for the first test model were drawn. Also, estimating the total difference instead of the total cost tended to be more accurat e because the typical new model was heavily based upon existing designs. Trying to estimate the cost of a new vehicle from scratch would, in managements opinion, introduce more errors than using existing data and modifying it accordingly. And it helped the related divisions understand cost fluctuations. The approach was more helpful to the design divisions because it highlighted the areas of the new model that were different from existing designs. New designs required most of the work in the design divisions. Thus, the estimated cost of a new model was the cost of the current model plus the cost of any design change. Thus, for every increment in the functionality of a new del there was an estimated incremental price and cost.This approach allowed the firm to measure the incremental profitability of each new function it built into a new model. A full model change required many design modifications. Consequently, the cost of the design change was broken out into the costs of a number of different design modifications. The design team analyzed each modification and assigned it an estimated cost. The sum of these cost estimates had to equal the cost planning goals for the new model. Estimating differences helped clarify the cost-planning goal and wowed accurately how much was accomplished through cost planning.Cost planning focused on new model design. Its strong point was measured as the amount of cost reduction achieved through design. Therefore, other factors that affected cost, including wages and fluctuations in indirect costs incurred by related divisions, had to be eliminated from overall cost reduction in order to identify the portion due to cost planning. By fixing the cost of the current model and astute the differences between the current and new models, Toasts system dealt only with cost changes resulting from changes in design and production volume.Without actual drawings for the new model, the estimate often began with Just an idea. Since rough ske tches provided by the design division were often the only sources of information, estimates were made under the guidance of the cost planning division rather than the accounting division. Toasts 20 design divisions designed each major function of the new vehicle, including the engine, transmission, air conditioner, and audio system Because the people at the design and cost planning divisions had the latest in-house

Church Leadership and Ministry Evaluation Paper Essay

For this paper, I interviewed the pastor of Grace Life Baptist Church in Ruby Michigan, USA. Would you say that your congregation (or the people within your particular department or area of ministry) is Living Out the Mind of christ (i.e. Unity, Humility, Selflessness) as they interact, serve, and minister to/with each other? How specifically do you as a ministry leader teach, cultivate, and maintain The Mind of Christ in your area of ministry? At Grace Life we strive to be like Christ in every conclusion that is made. Grace Life has had its difficulties they started Grace Life from a perform that split due to differing beliefs. Since the beginning of Grace Life they have strived to be the picture of Christ. As a body of believers, they have come to recognize that humility and selflessness should be at the core of all believers. I put a sacrosanct emphasis on unity in our perform, and I believe that through teaching about the humility and selflessness of Christ we will learn t o be more inclined to have a mind of Christ. Would you consider yourself a Wounded Healer?Also, would you please share an example where you have ministered to a person who is/was wounded in the same manner that you once were? (cf. II Corinthians 13-5) Being a Wounded Healer is something that all pastors like to believe that they are, however, uni indite a Wounded Healer is much more than most pastors would admit that it is. Healing the wounded is not just showing them Christ you have to disciple them as well. The pastor of Grace Life used to be in the Army and served with hundreds of lost people. Because of seeing so much in his time in the Army, he had lost his faith. His major wound came when his friend that he served with died in combat. It took him many years to realize that theology was still in control and everything happened for a reason. He then started to witness to his friends that had gone through the same thing. How specifically does the Holy nub help guide you as y ou lead/serve in your ministry? Also, can you give a specific example of how you were able to clearly recognize that the Holy Spirit was helping/guiding you in dealing with a particular situation and/or decision while in your ministry?What advice would you give me that, if I obeyed, would assure me that I would beable to be guided by the Holy Spirit in my life and/or ministry? The pastor at Grace Life has made it clear that he believes that the Holy Spirit guides us in every aspect in our lives the only thing we have to do to get this guidance is to ask for it. Specifically the Holy Spirit guides his oral communication while preaching. The pastor at Grace Life was also the pastor at the church that split leading to the start of Grace Life, the Holy Spirit led him to start a new church and that decision has proved to be one that was given(p) to him by the Holy Spirit. The advice he gave me was simple, follow Christs example, always lean on Him, and look to Him when you do not know what to do.Do you have a personal philosophy (i.e. an agreed upon intention of action/policy/understood protocol) of how/when/where you confront sin in the lives of 1) co-ministers/co-leaders in your ministry, and 2) people to whom you minister? If so, what is it? How did you come to this philosophy? If not, do you see a exact for such a philosophy? Why or Why not? I follow the example set my Christ. Go to that person, and if they wont listen, mystify 2-3 witnesses with me, if they still wont listen it becomes a matter to be decided by the church. The countersign sours it 100% clear what we as Christians are to do in these situations. Can I perform a little ministry quiz on you? SureCan you recall for me what you specifically did (i.e. tasks performed, people you talked to, the number of hours of service) on any individual day in your ministry approximately six weeks past? Six weeks ago we were dealing with the sound system, it wasnt working correctly and I remember somewhere between 6 and 8 hours spend on tracing wires back to there source. Can you recall any time in the past that you were either so moved by hearing a sermon, reading a bible verse, hearing a testimony of a individuals salvation that made such an impact upon your life that you still have a vivid recollection of the event today? How long ago did that spiritual event hold up place? Probably around 6 months ago or so, I was reading in Psalms, and came across a verse in chapter 51 Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness according unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions. This verse became one of my favorite verses because of its sizeable phrasing. It has become one of the verses that comes into my head on a daily basis, and I thank God for thatCould you briefly describefor me how your daily Quiet time with God or your Communion time with God or Your Devotion time with God usually goes? Well, I usually start my day with prayer and my Bible read ing. I take time in the morning before my family wakes up, and the distractions of life come into play. God and I time is my favorite time of the day, and when I take the proper amount of time in prayer and reading my day seems to be much smoother and I dont feel as rushed. As a minister, are you ever tempted to become competitive with either a fellow minister or a neighboring ministry or begrudge the success or resources of other ministers and/or ministries? How do you overcome this temptation in your life if/when it ever comes up in your heart?What advice would you give me to make sure I remain content with what God specifically has for me in my own life and/or ministry? Being a pastor of a church that God has blessed abundantly has always been a temptation for me to brag about how great I am doing but it is never me that has the success. It becomes very thriving to look at other pastors ministries and compare them to mine. These temptations are only overcome by realizing that G od has allowed this church to be successful, it has nothing to do with my abilities. God has given me everything that I need to be a success in Him. It is far too easy to become proud of something that seems to have come from our hands, however, if we acknowledge the event that God is the one that it came from, it is much easier to stay humble. Provide a summary of your interview.What stood out to you the most from this interview?The pastor was clearly filled with the Holy Spirit. He had a clear heart for God, and the way he talked about Christ made it clear that he has a strong relationship with God. He has a distinct passion for Christ that can only be seen while talking to him. What did you learn that will help you develop your own philosophy of ministry? I learned that starting the day out with a good amount of time spent with God in prayer and reading His word is pivotal to growing closer to Him, and living out my life the way that He would have me to live it. What did you le arn about leadership that you feel is important when ministering to others? I learned there is a proper way to deal with sin inside the body of Christ, and that as a leader in a church this knowledge is important because it is specifically addressed in the word of God.

Energy Inc

There is no Present obligation because there is no obligating level offt either for the be of fitting smoke filters or for fines under the legislation. Therefore, according to IAS 37 and ASC 450, FuelSource Co. should not recognize a provision as f December 31, 2011 neither in reporting to its U. K. parent under IFRSs nor in reporting to its U. S. -based lender in accordance with U. S. GAAP. Question A Any of four scenarios of the cases is not changed by the removal of probable outflows criteria 2, which requires a probable future outflow of economic benefits resulting from the liabilities.In the first and the second scenarios, the entity should recognize a provision as of the balance sheet involution in reporting to its U. K. parent, while not recognize in the third and the fourth scenarios. Question B In my opinion, often criteria 1 and criteria 2 allot the same purpose. They both serve to prevent recognizing a liability if it is not probable. Thus, the removal of criteria 2 would makes IAS 37 to a greater extent consistent with ASC 450 of U. S. GAAP. With this revision, there would be more enhanced comparability between those two standards.ASC 450-20-25-1 When a wrong contingency exists, the likelihood that the future event or events will confirm the loss or impairment of an asset or the incurrence of a liability bear range from probable to remote. As indicated in the definition of contingency, the term loss is used for comfort station to include many charges against ncome that are comm however referred to as expenses and others that are comm solitary(prenominal) referred to as losses. The Contingencies Topic uses the terms probable, reasonably possible, and remote to identity three areas within that range.ASC 450-20-25-2 An castd loss from a loss contingency shall be accrued by a charge to income if both of the following conditions are met (a) Information available onwards the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (as dis cussed in Section 855-10-25) indicates that it is probable that an asset had been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial tatements. Date of the financial statements means the end of the most recent accounting period for which financial statements are being presented.It is implicit in this condition that it must be probable that one or more future events will occur confirming the fact of the loss. (b) The enumerate of loss can be reasonably estimated. The purpose of those conditions is to require accrual of losses when they are reasonably estimable and relate to the current or a prior period. Paragraphs 450-20-55-1 done 55-17 and Examples 1-2 (see paragraphs 450-20-55-18 through 5-35) illustrate the application of the conditions. As discussed in paragraph 450-20-50-5, disclosure is preferable to accrual when a reasonable estimate of loss cannot be made.Further, even losses that are reasonably estimable shall not be accrued if it is not probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of an entitys financial statements because those losses relate to a future period rather than the current or a prior period. Attribution of a loss to events or activities of the current or prior periods is an element of asset impairment r liability incurrence. ASC 450-20-50-5 Disclosure is preferable to accrual when a reasonable estimate of loss cannot be made.For example, disclosure shall be made of any loss contingency that jar againsts the condition in paragraph 450-20-25-2(a) but that is not accrued because the amount of loss cannot be reasonably estimated (the condition in paragraph 450-20-25-2b). Disclosure also shall be made of some loss contingencies that do not meet the condition in paragraph 450-20-25-2(a)namely, those contingencies for which there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred even hough information may not indicate that it is probable that an asset had been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements.IAS 37-14 A provision shall be recognized when (a) an entity has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event (b) it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be mandatory to settle the obligation and (c) a reliable estimate can be made of the amount ot the obligation. It t recognized. nese cond itions are not met, no provision shall IAS 37-17 A past event that leads toa present obligation is called an obligating vent. For an event to be an obligating event, it is necessary that the entity has no realistic alternative to settling the obligation created by the event.This is the case only (a) where the settlement of the obligation can be enforced by law or (b) in the case of a constructive obligation, where the event (which may be an action of the entity) creates valid expectations in other parties that the entity will discharge the obligation. IAS 37-23 For a liability to qualify for recognition there must be not only a present obligation but also the probability of an outflow of resources embodying economic enefits to settle that obligation.For the purpose of this Standard,l an outflow of resources or other event is regarded as probable if the event is more likely than not to occur, ie the probability that the event will occur is greater than the probability that it will not. Where it is not probable that a present obligation exists, an entity discloses a contingent liability, unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote. IAS 37-36 The amount recognized as a provision shall be the lift out estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period.

Enterprise-Level Strategic Uses of Technology At Baderman Islands

The advent of information technology and other technological products has lead to a more competitive market environment for contrary organization. In this regard, more and more companies and institutions are trying to invest on innovative and technology-specific products, and Baderman Islands is never an exemption. Accordingly, technological excogitation for products and servers is known as integrated principle of technology and development to be up to(p) to meet current demands of the target market. In various ways, technological asylum is said to have specific use in enterprise-level of an organisation.The connective of technology with the business strategy of the company is important. Primarily, the main goal of this paper is to determine the enterprise-level strategic use of technology at Baderman Islands. Overview of Baderman Islands Baderman Island is known as an independent, all inclusive resort destination with various features from hotels, restaurants, convention centr e and other leisure activities that a tourist is looking for. It is an island resort community with vast essentialities to give innovative service to sustain their competitive advantage.The watchfulness of the company aims on providing musical note tourisms services for their target market. In doing so, the company is pursuing technological innovations to be more distinctive and add to the entire experience of their target market. Enterprise-Level Strategic Use of engine room In order to sustain competitive position in the marketplace, the company has adapted technological innovation which specifically focuses on the Dolphin Boat by Innerspace Technology. The alignment of this technology has enterprise-strategic use for Baderman Island includes the following.The first strategic use of this technology is to meet and satisfy customer demands. Since tourists in this generation are seeking for an island disengage which take into accounts business, leisure and other escapades and ex traordinary experiences, the company considers technological alignment to provide the needs of the customer for an island-getaway. This technological innovation give the bounce help the company to provide distinctive and effective service provision. It is said that the successful and effective alignment of the company management, staff and technology, is important for attaining customer satisfaction.Such alignment begins with the purposeful alignments of the companys operations employed by Baderman Islands management (Johnston & Clarke, 2001). Another enterprise-level strategic use of technology with Baderman Islands is with regards to the enhancement of the management corpse of the company. By considering technologically innovated products such(prenominal) that of the Dolphin Boat, the company will be fitted to enhanced their differentiation strategy, and business strategy of the company which include the management skills and resources.In addition, the company will be able to i mprove their creative flair, product engineering, strong marketing abilities and strong capability in basic research. Furthermore, as part of the enhancement of management system of the company through the alignment of technology, their corporate reputation is also improving to attract more tourists in choosing their tourism services among other competitors (Nickols 2000). Such mentioned skills and capabilities brought by the alignment of technology and business strategy are very important for the company to retain or attract internal and external stakeholders.In addition, strategic alignment of technology and business strategy is associated with the satisfaction of the customers in a way that providing unique services mostly satisfy tourists or clients (Duffy & Ketchand, 2002). Another important enterprise-level strategic use of aligning technological innovation in Baderman is with regards to the improvement and of the service quality of their tourism services. The use of new techn ology can be able to guide the company towards the expansion strategy of the company.Accordingly, the central attribute of technological innovation, specifically for the products and services provides by organizations like Baderman Island, is the interaction between the marketing management and the company itself. Things like labour intensiveness, high consumer contact are some of the mitigating features of the alignment of technological expansion and service quality alignment. Hence, technological innovation can provide sensual benefit for the company (Watt, 2007). Part of the business approach of the tourism service industries is their adherence to the context of service quality.Consequently, the context of service quality is considered as the outcome of the strategic alignment of new and technologically improved products and services and service delivery system (Ghobadian, Speller & Jones, 1994), specifically in the vitrine of service industries like Baderman Island. By and larg e, the underlying principle of business strategy and technological alignment aims to determine and provide the needs of the clients. Through this alignment, the company has been able to have a unifying theme which aligns their service provision, marketing strategy and management system to satisfy stakeholders.The alignment of the technology and business strategy has different enterprise-level strategic uses to sustain competitive advantage of the organization. It is said that the alignment of these aspects should see to it that the company would be consistent in providing high quality among their tourist clients. compose Duffy, JA & Ketchund, AA 2002, Examining the Role of Service Quality in Overall Service Satisfaction, Journal of Managerial Issues, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 240+. Ghobadian, A, Speller, S. and Jones, M. (1994). Service Quality Concepts and Models.International Journal of Quality & reliableness Management, 11(9) 43-66. Johnston, R. & Clark, G. (2001). Service Operation M anagement. 1st Edition. London Prentice Hall. Nickols, F 2000, Distance Consulting, viewed October 11, 2008 . Watt, P. (2007) I Need People that are Happy, Always Smiling Guest interaction and Emotional Labour in a Canadian Downtown Hotel Just Labour, Vol 10, Spring 45-59 (http//www. justlabour. yorku. ca/volume10/pdfs/04WattPress. pdf) retrieve October 11, 2008 .

Enterprise architecture

February 12, 2011 This article complicates my thoughts closely the phone line computer architecture, debase Computing, Business Process charge (BPML), and Business Rules. This article consists of a conversation between the CIO and Enterprise intriguer. It is a product of my imagination. CIO I dont want you to implement the word consolidation. Instead, use the word integration. I am worried that someone will think that we be working on the consolidation of programs or organizations, rather than improving our architecture to serve the commerce.Again, I dont want you to get involved in discussions about hanging the organization structure of the agency. How do you see your roll vs.. The rolls of the other directors? Enterprise Architect I would like to support them with the knowledge I have at my disposal, but they argon not interested. One day they may realize how they mess use the Enterprise Architecture. I think of Enterprise Architecture as the substructure, which supports the billet, the superstructure. The Director of Capital Planning and Investment Control should use the Enterprise Architecture migration image to formulate future investments.A portion of the Enterprise Architecture has security concerns, including completely 4 layers cuisines, applications, data, and technology. We develop standards for all layers of the Enterprise Architecture, except business standards although, we may be asked to coordinate some business standards. Both communications and security should use the frameworks contained in the Enterprise Architecture Framework or propose changes to the models in the framework. CIO What do you want me to do? Enterprise Architect Get the cooperation of your direct piece of musics. CIO You will get it.Go over the business architecture, current architecture, and seat architectures again. Enterprise Architect The resemblance between the business and current architecture is the foundation for the data, applications, and technology target architectures. This comparison answers the question, Are we satisfying our business requirements in the current architecture? The business architecture or model includes the following Defines the mission and objectives, long-range strategies, tactical plans, performance measures, budgets, and business dominions. why) Defines the information and data that is shared, monitored, and tracked. (What) Defines the activities that are performed and a description of each. How) Defines the organizations and actors performing the activities. (Who) Defines where the activities are performed. (Where) Defines the business cycles and when activities or processes are performed. (When) In the business architecture, we develop mappings between all 6 of the Coachman interrogatories, including who, what, when, where, why, and how.The business architecture is mapped to the current architecture, and then opportunities for forward motion are documented. Targets are developed for data, app lications, and the technology layers of the architecture using the business architecture and other analyses. The business architecture constitutes our requirements at the agency level. CIO This is the first period I have heard about opportunities for make betterment. Are you going to produce a report with recommendations as a result of the comparison between the business architecture and the current architecture? Enterprise Architect Yes. Here is the vogue it works 1. wee the Business Architecture We produce a business architecture, which reflects the current way of doing business and contains all sorts of information and data associated with the 6 interrogatives in the Coachman Framework. We withal develop mappings between the interrogatives. The business architecture describes the current business practices, including, data, processes, etc. 2. map out the Business Architecture to the Current Architecture and Identify Opportunities for Improvement We propose a draft listing of the conceptual projects and associated common applications/components and data objects and progressively ameliorate it.We produce a current architecture, which tells us about the existing systems. We map the business architecture to the current architecture and we may find out, for example, that there are a large number of current systems associated with a single activity or no systems associated with other activities. solely current projects are mapped to the conceptual projects. 3. Create the entropy, Applications, and Technology Target Architectures based on the Business Architecture and Other Analyses We produce data, applications, and technology target architectures, which are partially based on the business architecture.Also, we use BPML, technology forecasts, judgments about the future uses and characteristics of information, opportunities to automate aspects of work, future business trends, new 2 goals/objectives and plans, etc. As the basis for coming up with the targe t architectures. 4. Compare the Current Architecture with the Target Architectures and Produce a Gap Analysis and a Migration Plan The business architecture helps us to evaluate the set and to propose the future. We use the business architecture as a resource wherever we can for example, it might contribute to BPML and business rules and visa versa.We are concentrating on an application architecture now, and we will issue several versions. As more analyses are completed, we will refine the applications architecture. We will move to data and technology layers soon. CIO How do I know what you are going to include in each version? Enterprise Architect There is no overall version plan. We in all likelihood should include BPML in the second version of the applications architecture. We previously developed a longer plan to implement Enterprise Architecture. CIO I think that there should be a version plan.Also, soon is not an adequate answer. I am beginning to be irritated with the stagg ered development of the Enterprise Architecture. Enterprise Architect We can lift up with a version plan, and give you the long-term plan for the completion of the application, data, and technology target architectures. CIO You are going to produce a report entitled Opportunities for Improvement after you have completed the business architecture and have compared it with the current architecture. Maybe you should consider it a rolling stone and sound keep updating it.Enterprise Architect The Opportunities for Improvement Report might include the following Whoso Who is missing or not being informed? Who do existing systems address or not address? Can organizations and actors be given increased responsibility? Whats Is the necessary information and data being shared, tracked, and monitored? Are all data models included in existing systems? When Are the scenarios, events, and business cycles reflected in existing systems? Whereas Do all identified locations have access to the existing systems? Whys Do existing systems reflect our goals and objectives, long-term strategic plans, tactical plans, performance measures, budgets, and business rules? Wows Have improved activities and processes been included in existing systems, and do they reflect passim processing? CIO I am interested in how you would increase responsibilities of organizations and actors. Can you talk to me about cost? I noticed you include budgets in the Why Column. Enterprise Architecture Generally costs are in the Why column along with goals, objectives, long-term strategic plans, tactical plans, performance measures, and business rules.If a project is not budgeted, then it cantata be taken seriously. Costs can be sorted in various ways. CIO Maybe you should sort costs by each target architecture, that is, applications, data, and technology. Enterprise Architect Good idea. However, we cant do that until we have a migration plan, because focusing on costs now would be premature. CIO Wh at is obnubilate Computing? Enterprise Architect profane Computing is like running your PC off of Software as a Service (AAAS), and might include query engines, operating systems, program and business APS, etc.CIO How does Cloud Computing know our requirements for our program and administrative APS? Is Cloud Computing our new target? Enterprise Architect Cloud Computing may offer certain advantageous, which we may find attractive. If it doesnt satisfy our requirements, including our standards, then we may not be interested in Cloud Computing. Every day, we are getting a better Andre on our agency requirements and I think we can take a small look at this new way of providing IT support. CIO You know the most about our APS and standards so, I expect that you will keep your eye on this issue.What are family line and others saying about Cloud Computing? Enterprise Architect There are several security concerns related to Cloud Computing that I have heard discussed at forums and semin ars. First, our data will be stored in other places, and wherever our data is located, it needs to be protected so, we need to clearly delineate our security requirements. Second, we also expect efficient revive without diminishing our security requirements. Third, more parties will be involved and we need to understand how they interact and their promises and guarantees. I think that MOB would like to see the IT federal footprint decrease, and Cloud Computing may be one meaner to do this. However, there is a trend toward the increase in the flow of data, and an increased emphasis on data ownership. I dont expect that Cloud Computing will eliminate the need for planning, but it is particularly primary(prenominal) that it satisfy the agency in terms of efficiency and security. CIO I dont want to be forced to buy a pig in the poke. There was a lot of pressure to move forward with an integrated Enterprise Architecture, which contains standards and approvals.I am wondering if MOB is ch anging our target? I am sure that Cloud Computing will require that we give up a certain degree of control. I am also worried about the costs and the detriment of expertise. Enterprise Architect As our Enterprise Architecture work progresses, we increasingly have a better understanding of our requirements. CIO You have indicated that you are developing the applications architecture first. Why didnt you develop the applications and data architectures in parallel?I am being approached by BPML contractors as you know and I asked you to do some look for on the subject. When will you give it to me? Enterprise Architect We should have developed the applications and data architectures together, since they are closely related to one another. Here is a circuit card that summarizes my BPML research. I think that BPML would offer tremendous measure out for further refining our target architecture, and I believe that the Coachman Framework contributes to the design of improved processes. A a couple of(prenominal) things are worth noting from my BPML research. See Enclosure (1)). 1) Both recesses and outcomes are important. Many citizens come into contact with the agency through processes. Of course, the government tends to focus on production rather than outcomes, because outputs are often more achievable than outcomes. 2) Integration and standardization reduces fragmentation and enables the processes to be more efficient and effective. 3) The data, processes, and business rules are important. Processes should be ended- end. Data models can be augmented with business rules, which limit and control processes. ) Forward engineering, BPML, business rules, and technology forecasts, among others, re valuable to develop the data, applications, and target architectures. As they say, it would be wise to make changes to processes up-front rather than making these changes down stream. We know the processes associated with the information exchanges, particularly our interchan ges with the public. We can use that to focus on priority processes. Additionally, we produced value streams associated with the value chain and various scenarios, particularly related to threats.Finally, there are a number of 5 key data models that contain very important processes. All of this can be used to kick start BPML. BPML takes considerable time and effort to create improved processes, particularly if you are going to select a preferred alternative from a comparison of mistakable processes. A process may be undertaken in many ways by the bureaus, using variant combinations of activities, data, people, time limitations, goals, objectives, and business rules. CIO Following up on a comment you previously made, I want the citizen to have more responsibility.I think you are the dianoetic person to do BPML. Enterprise Architect In addition to the 40 value streams and other scenarios, we developed data models which include processes. In the data model Customers place orders, p lace orders is the process. We have tons of data models of this sort. I am willing to identify business rules associated with these data models. However, I think we need to reckon on our BPML community to do BPML. CIO There is no BPML community. I am afraid that you are it. I count on you to explore ways to improve how we can further serve the business. Talk to me about business rules.What do business rules have to do with BPML? Enterprise Architect Business rules are important because you can change the behavior of the organization by changing the business rules. Both business rules and BPML focus on processes. According to Ron Ross, A business rule sets limitations and controls on a process. I have prepared an enclosure that explains business rules. (See Enclosure (2)). You will note that both BPML and Enterprise Architecture use similar language. Additionally, I did not identify the business rules as part of business architecture and I think this was a mistake.John Coachman cla ssifies business rules in his framework at a lower level. However, I no longer agree with this. I believe that the data model, processes, and business rules are closely interconnected and are critical to defining the business architecture. CIO Maybe John Coachman wanted us to first develop the data models and later add the business rules to them. Just give me a plan for the versions that includes the ideas we have discussed. Also, when the time comes, I am not going to stop any of the existing projects. The new project managers can sort this out.Finally, I have assembled some Youth videos on Enterprise Architecture, BPML, and business rules. (See Enclosure (3)) What I would like you to do is take a look at them, and come up with your own videos. If you want to hire experts to do the video that is fine. Maybe we should start with Enterprise Architecture. Enterprise Architect Okay. George Brigandage received a B. A. From Wright State University and M. A. From the University of Cincinn ati. He retired in June 2004, from the federal government and 6 lives in Ocean View, Delaware, and Alexandria, Virginia.He was an Enterprise Architect at the Department of the Treasury and the Department of Homeland Security. Before that, he Emceed the Architectures Program for several years at the General Services Administration (AS) and the Department of the Treasury. He may e reached at cell 703. 772. 7410 and at George. emailprotected Com. His articles are on the web at http//enterprisearchitectureit. Info. 7 Enclosure (1) Business Process Management This table summarizes the key points from the following publications. The categories in this table are save groupings of BPML actions that were mentioned in the publications 1 .President Beams book, The Audacity of Hope, produce in 2006. 2. Customer Service Excellence, Using Information Technologies to Improve Service Delivery in governing body, Harvard University, 1994. 3. Citizen-Enabling Open Government (EEOC) Executive Summar y for ideas. This report was produced by ACT-IAC Enterprise Architecture Shared Interest Group (SIGH), September 2010. ) 4. Federal Government Business Process Reengineering Lessons Learned, February 1994, published by AS. Categories Share information and effectively manage programs. Responsive to citizens needs.Treat all with dignity and What BPML Has Done or Might Do Share information and data. subjoin integration and standardization to prevent fragmentation. Provide one face to the citizens. Develop data standards and business rules. Provide suites of commonly shared services. map technology effectively . Develop a citizen service strategy that includes technology, human resources, skill development, and incentives. Provide timely response to the citizen. Develop performance measures, associated with ended-end processes and outcomes. Take ownership of the entire process. follow the business or make it explicit. (See Identify the needs of the citizens. Use multiple vehicles to communicate with the public, including web sites, videos (The success of Youth, which provides some degree of video training, is astounding. ), and video teleconferencing. Use focus groups, surveys. Provide the public with access to the governments databases. Provide education and training, including long distance 8 respect. Provide the same level of service to all. Gather compulsory information. Clearly explain things.Develop effective and efficient processes and use technology creatively. Do things better, faster, and cheaper. Protect the public from harm. Give citizens their moneys worth. Education, so citizens can obtain the benefits they need and budget for innovative training. Develop standards and consistently apply business rules (Business rules must be transparent, consistent, ND explicit to enable effective regulation. ) Provide language services. Use alternative locations and organizations like libraries and kiosks to obtain information and distribute be nefits. Protect privacy 12

Distribution Of Mrsa And Mssa Health And Social Care Essay

Controling MRSA and MSSA remains a primary focal point of most hospital transmittal control plans, these pathogens now a job in infirmaries worldwide and progressively recovered from nursing places and the community.Bacterial strain typing distinguishes epidemiologically associate or clonal isolates from unrelated isolates Strain playscript picture is indispensable in set uping the epidemiologic features of nosocomial infections and in planing effectual control methods Using a combination of several methods increases the specificity and sensitiveness of epidemiologic typing.The function of strain typing methods is to find whether epidemiologically related isolates are besides genetically related, stand foring the same strain. The con whiles obtained by typing methods are besides planning valuable cognition about the epidemiology of MRSA and MSSA and the relationship between genome content and virulency strains.To find the national prevalence and epidemiology of S. aureus and MRS A colonisation in several infirmaries and wellness economic aid nerve centres.To find the prevalence of a MRSA colonisation and infection among the staff of whose covering with MRSA infections.To beatnik schemes to forestall recurrent MRSA infections and transmittal of MRSA in these infirmaries and wellness attention centres and close-contact scenesTo measure the molecular features of epidemic MRSA strains including opposition mechanisms and virulency traits.To constructing a national library ( data base ) of MRSA strains to place familial forms or relationships among different types MRSA that could be utilize to inform bar and control schemes.To measure the efficaciousness of infection control .MethodologyProtocol designThe plenty allow be conducted in three stairss ( I ) a local survey qualifying MRSA and MSSA isolates collected from infirmaries and wellness attention centres in coveted location, allowing the acknowledgment of the major MRSA and MSSA ringers ( two ) a coun trywide survey of the spread of the major ringer ( three ) a worldwide survey comparing the features and familial content of the major pandemic MRSA and MSSA ringers found in this communications protocol with informations in the literature.4.2 Designation of isolatesNasal, pharynx swabs and blood leave alone be obtained from representative staff and patients ( including bad patients in special-care units ( e.g. grownup, paediatric, and neonatal ICUs burn haemodialysis in paraphernalia to outpatients from each infirmary and wellness centre included in this protocol. MRSA and MSSA designation will be performed by utilizing standard methods harmonizing to Clinical and Laboratory Standard lay down recommendations ( CLSI. 2007 ) . Phenotypically confirmed isolates will be reconfirmed by sensing Sa442 and mecA desoxyribonucleic acid fragment for MSSA and MRSA severally by PCR, originally described by ( Martineau et al. , 1998 ) is a popular desoxyribonucleic acid mark for designatio n of S. aureus by PCR and will be used as a verification tool for all samples in this survey.4.3 Antimicrobial Susceptibility TestingAntibiograms will be determined by disc diffusion on Mueller-Hinton agar harmonizing to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards ( NCCLS 2007 ) . The undermentioned antimicrobic agents will be included penicillin, oxacillin, Garamycin, clindamycin, Erythrocin, Vancocin and daptomycin.( These antibiotic can modified harmonizing different infirmaries and wellness centres demands )4.4 Genotypic analysis4.4.1 DNA extractionGenomic DNA will be extracted from staphylococcal positive civilizations by utilizing the undermentioned methods a loop full of bacteriums is picked from home base and transferred to 1 milliliters PBS buffer and extractor at 14000rpm for 5 min. supernatant is discarded and the pellet is re-suspension in 100l TE 101, this suspension will be boiled at 95C for 10 proceedingss and reassign true(a) to ice and 1ml of TE 101 wi ll be added as concluding measure.The sensing of staphylococcal toxin cistrons staphylococcal superantigen ( SAg )Sequences specific for staphylococcal enterotoxin cistrons ( sea to see ) , the toxic daze syndrome toxin cistron ( tsst-1 ) , exfoliative toxin cistrons ( Basque Homeland and Freedom and etb ) and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin ( PVL ) cistrons ( lukS-PV-lukF-PV ) will be detected by PCR with the undermentioned conditions and primersan initial denaturation at 94 & A deg C for 5 min followed by 35 rhythms of elaboration ( denaturation at 94 & A deg C for 2 min, tempering at 57 & A deg C for 2 min, and extension at 72 & A deg C for 1 min ) , stoping with a concluding extension at 72 & A deg C for 7 min. ( This portion is non necessary .. )Detection of Antiseptic cistrons cistrons4.4.3 Determination of SCCmec type.Typing of the nomadic familial component ( SCCmec ) will be determined utilizing a antecedently print manifold PCR scheme that generated a specific ela boration form for each SCCmec structural type4.4.5 Multilocus chronological succession typing MLSTMRSA isolates will be genitically characterized by Multilocus sequence typewrite ( MLST ) , which is based on the sequence analysis of defined subdivisions of septet housekeeping cistrons. ( Sequencing of both DNA strands will be performed commercially ) . The allelomorphs at each of the seven housekeeping venues were identified by comparing the sequences obtained from the trial isolates with sequences held in the MLST database ( hypertext transfer protocol // saureus.mlst.net ) . This database was besides used to place the allelomorphic visibility and therefore the sequence type ( ST ) of each isolate. STs were assigned to clonal composites ( CCs ) utilizing the constellating algorithm eBURST ( based upon related sequence types ) ( Feil et al. , 2004 hypertext transfer protocol // eburst.mlst.net ) . Using eBURST, isolates with specific STs are assigned to a anomalous CC if they are related to at least one other ST in that CC at six out of the seven MLST venue used. Isolates that do non portion allelomorphs at six of the seven MLST venue with each other ST in the MLST database are deemed singletons.4.4.6 spa typewriting lachrymation place typewriting will be performed as described by Shopsin et al. , 1999, this strategy relies on the polymorphism of the variable-number tandem repetition luck of the spa cistron. Strains will be categorised as indistinguishable on the footing of an indistinguishable watering place type appellation ( Shopsin et al. , 1999 ) .PCR for elaboration of the S. aureus protein A ( watering place ) repetition part will be performed by utilizing this primer F 5- TAA AGA CGA TCC TTC GGT GAG C -3 and R 5-CAG CAG TAG TGC CGT TTG CTT -3 With these PCR conditions an initial denaturation at 94 & A deg C for 5 min followed by 35 rhythms of elaboration ( denaturation at 94 & A deg C for 2 min, tempering at 57 & A deg C for 2 min, and extension at 72 & A deg C for 1 min ) , stoping with a concluding extension at 72 & A deg C for 7 min. ( O?OO?OO O?O?O?USU )PCR merchandises will be purified and sequenced. A spa type is deduced from the sequence and figure of spa repetitions, which are generated by point mutants and intra chromosomal recombination events. Mutant of a individual base brace consequences in a different watering place type. With the BURP algorithm ( Ridom GmbH ) , spa types were clustered into different groupsEfficacy of the Infection Control planThe efficaciousness of the infection control will be evaluated by utilizing the standards listed in table 1, in add-on to proving the ability of this infection control plan toSurveillance of hospital infection.Constitution and monitoring of policies and processs designed to forestall infection ( e.g. catheter attention policy, antibiotic policy and bactericidal policy ) .Probe of eruptions beginning and paths of transmittal.S.aureus surveillanceAS surveil lance is a critically of import constituent of any infection control plan, the clinical microbiology research lab consequences obtained as portion of everyday clinical attention will be monitored leting sensing of any fresh emerging strain.Statistical analysisDifferences between groups will be assessed utilizing the qi square trial. P values of 0.05 will be considered statistically important. Eventuality tabular arraies will be used to compare the prevalence of a peculiar cistron type between clonal composites.Expected consequencesStrain typewriting is indispensable in set uping the epidemiologic features of nosocomial infections and in planing infection control methods. The function of strain typing methods is to find whether epidemiologically related isolates are besides genetically related or stand foring the same strain.Multilocus sequence typewriting ( MLST ) is a new molecular technique that was developed ab initio for S aureus. It is based on placing allelomorphs from DNA se quences of internal fragments of housekeeping cistrons. Multilocus sequence typewriting has been successfully used for the survey of molecular epidemiology and for the geographic expedition of the population construction and development of virulency of interact bacterial species. Because there are many allelomorphs at each of the 7 venue, it is improbable to hold indistinguishable allelomorphic profiles by opportunity, and isolates with the same allelomorphic profile can be considered members of the same ringer. The major advantages of MLST are the ability to compare consequences obtained in different surveies via computerized databases on the Internet and the installation to readily compare sequence informations among research labs.The end of strain typing surveies is to find whether epidemiologically related isolates collected during an eruption of disease are genetically related and represent the same strain. The system of strain typing consequences in infection control determi nations is based on the undermentioned 3 premises ( 1 ) isolates stand foring the eruption are modern offspring of a individual ( common ) precursor, ( 2 ) such isolates will hold the same genotype, and ( 3 ) epidemiologically unrelated isolates will hold different genotypes. health centre A Health centre B sheath of distribution of isolates within clonal composites. . MLST CC terminology was deduced from watering place CCs utilizing the Ridom SpaServer database. CC30 was overrepresented strains from Health centre B, CC8 was overrepresented among isolates from Health centre A, and CC5 included merely Health centre A.Example of eventuality tabular arraies will be used to compare the prevalences of a peculiar cistron type between clonal composites. Here merely agr and superantigens genens were included in this illustration and this tabular array applicable for all virulency cistrons.Example of MLST, SCCmec type, and staphylococcal toxin cistrons in MRSA isolates distributed amonghdfj kfh

The slutty double standard

SSH e felt ashamed and degraded. I wanted to cry with her. I cant think Of a more wound ins alt. First of all I am going to address a task in our agriculture called fornicatress shaming the cone opt women being shamed and euthanized. Slut shaming is a double standard that is highly n touchable in our society. I see it in the words that come out of my contemporaries, enclose cues or even my friends mouths. I see this double standard in an overwhelming amount in our tabloids, blob posts.It is also found in most TV shows, Movies and even song lyrics. One of the early definitions Of streetwalker is an untidy charr. It has changed and become a sexual slur targeted towards females. This aspect that there are a few(prenominal) words as hurtful as insinuating female promiscuity says a lot about our society. (Definition of slut shaming) Slut shaming also known as slashing, is the idea of shaming and/ or attacking a woman or a girl for being sexual, having one or more sexual partners, acknowledging sex al feelings, and/ or acting on sexual feelings. (From an article in psychology today) Furthermore, its about the implication that if a woman has sex in which trade action society disapproves of, she should feel guilty and inferior. It is damaging not unaccompanied to t he girls and women targeted, but to women in general and society as a whole. basis that express female romanticist include tramp, where, sank, hoe, and many more that are not a appropriate for this forum. Terms that think of male promiscuity leadsman, gigolo, stud, sugar daddy, womanlier, playboy, and player.One thing we should be conscious of is Term ms that imply female promiscuity consist in a negative matter rather than the male legal injury the at instead embodies notions of power and conquest. Feel as though a big cause of this problem is how In most media females are defined by their sexual desirability but are judge to stay sexually inexperienced, while whew n men are promiscuous it is considered clever and fortunate. This perpetuates the Dobb el standard. In the movie Pretty Woman, Richard Greer is received as a sophisticated wealthy gentleman who just happens to be with a prostitute.Julia Roberts, the prostitute is a low class hooker who is so lucky Richard Greer actually takes an care in her. A earldom girl attending a homeless prom and wearing appropriate textile Eng per prom guidelines got kicked out of prom because middleware homeless dads cool d not stop staring at her. Creepy grown men should stay to supervise because they are s o responsible and seemingly she was the problem. At the at the Vims (Video Music Awards) hen Mile Cyrus performed we cant stop I cant believe how much the media slut shah med her for towering .

The Return: Midnight Chapter 22

Ma ma say not in Fel s Church,Mrs. Flowers ingeminate to Stefan. And that means not the thicket.All right,Stefan say. If hes not on that point, and hence where else?Well,Elena said slowly, its the natural law, isnt it? Theyve caught him.Her heart felt as if it were in her stomach.Mrs. Flowers sighed. I suppose so. Ma ma should have told me that, unless the atmosphere is ful of strange influences. but the sheriffs discussion section is in Fel s Church. What there is of it,Elena objected.Then,Mrs. Flowers said, what ab come forward the police in another city close by? The ones who came looking for him before Ridgemont,Elena said heavily. Thats where those police that searched the boardinghouse were from. Thats where that Mossberg guy came from, Meredith said.She looked at Meredith, who didnt even murmur. Thats where Caroleans dad has al his big-shot friends and Tyler Smal woods dad does too. They belong to al those no-women clubs with does too. They belong to al those no-w omen clubs with secret handshakes and stuff.And do we have anything wish well a plan for when we bring go forth there?Stefan asked.I have a sort of Plan A,Elena admitted. But I dont enjoy that it wil work you may know better than I do.Tell me.Elena told him. Stefan find tabued and had to stifle a laugh. I think,he said soberly by and byward, that it just might work.Elena immediately began to think ab away Plans B and C so that they wouldnt be stuck if Plan A should fail.They had to drive finished Fel s Church to get to Ridgemont.Elena maxim the burnt- come to the fore houses and the blackened trees through tears. This was her t cause, the town which, as a spirit, she had watched over and protected. How could it have come to this?And, worse, how could it perpetually possibly be perplex spine together again?Elena began to shiver un tick ably. lusterlessness sat grimly in the jury conference room. He had explored it long ago, and had found that the windows were boarded ov er from the emergeside. He wasnt surprised, as al the windows he knew bear in Fel s Church were boarded up, and besides, he had tried these boards and knew that he could break out if he dispensed to.He didnt care to.It was time to face his personal crisis. He would have faced it back before Damon had taken the three girls to the Dark Dimension, but Meredith had talked him out of it.mat knew that Mr. Forbes, Caroleans father, had al his cronies in the police and legal system here. And so did Mr.Smal wood, the father of the signifi nominatet culprit. They were unlikely to give him a fair trial. But in any kind of trial, at some point they would at least have to listen to him.And what they would hear was the plain truth. They might not believe it now. But later, when Carolines twins had as little control as were wildcat well babies were reputed to have over their shapes Well, then theyd think of plane, and what hed said.He was doing the right thing, he cognizant himself. Even if, right now, his insides felt as if they were made of lead.Whats the worst they scum bag do to me? he wondered, and was depressing to hear the echo of Merediths voice come back.They can put you in jail, monotone. Real jail youre over eighteen. And while that may be well news for some genuine, vicious, tough old felons with homemade tattoos and biceps like tree branches, it is not breathing out to be good news for you. And then after a posing on the Internet, Matt, in Virginia, it can be for life. And the minimum is five years.Matt, please I beg you, dont let them do this to youSometimes its true that discretion is the better part of valor.They hold all the cards and were go blindfolded in the darkShe had gotten surprisingly worked up about it, mixing her metaphors and al , Matt idea dejectedly. But its not exactly as if I volunteered for this. And I bet they know those boards are clean flimsy and if I break out, Il be chased from here to who-knows-where. And if I stay put at least Il get to tel the truth.For a very long time nothing happened. Matt could tel from the sun through the cracks in the boards that it was afternoon. A man came in and asideered a visit to the bathroom and a Coke. Matt accredited both, but also demanded an attorney and his phone cal .Youl have an attorney,the man grumbled at him as Matt came out of the bathroom. Onel be appointed for you.I dont pauperism that. I want a solid attorney. One that I pick.The man looked disgusted. Kid like you cant have any money. Youl take the attorney appointed to you.My mom has money. Shed want me to have the attorney we hire, not some kid out of law school.Aw,the man said, how sweet. You want milliampere to take care of you. And her al the way out in Clydesdale by now, I bet, with the black bird doctor.Matt froze.Shut back in the jury room he tried frantical y to think. How did they know where his mom and Dr. Alpert had at peace(p)? He tried the sound of black lady doctor on his spitti ng and found it tasted insalubrious, sort of old-time-ish and just plain bad. If the doctor had been Caucasian and male, it wouldve sounded sil y to say gone with the egg white man doctor. Sort of like an old Tarzan film.A great anger was rising in Matt. And on with it a great fear. Words slithered round his mind surveillance and spying and conspiracy and cover-up. And outwitted.He guessed it was after five oclock, after everybody who normal y worked at approach had left, that they took him to the interrogation room.They were just playing, he figured, the both mutilateicers who tried to talk to him in a cramped little room with a video tv camera in one corner of the wal , perfectly obvious even though it was smal .They took turns, one yel ing at him that he might as well confess everything, the other acting sympathetic and grammatical construction things like, Things just got out of hand, right? We have a picture of the hickey she gave you. She was hot stuff, right?Wink, w ink. I understand. But then she soak uped to give you mixed signalsMatt reached his snapping point. No, we were not on a date, no, she did not give me a hickey, and when I tel Mr.Forbes you cal ed Caroline hot stuff, winkey winkey, hes gonna get you fired, mister. And Ive heard of mixed signals, but Ive never seen them. I can hear noas well as you can, and I figure one nomeans noAfter that they beat him up a little bit. Matt was surprised, but considering the way he had just threatened and sassed them, not too surprised.And then they seemed to give up on him, leaving him alone in the interrogation room, which, unlike the jury room, had no windows. Matt said over and over, for the benefit of the video camera, Im innocent and Im macrocosm denied my phone cal and my attorney. Im innocentAt last they came and got him. He was hustled between the good and bad cops into a completely empty courtroom. No, not empty, he existentized. In the first row were a few reporters, one or two with s ketchbooks ready.When Matt cut that, just like a real trial, and imagined the pictures theyd sketch just like hed seen on TV, the lead in his stomach turned into a fluttering relishing of panic.But this was what he wanted, wasnt it, to get the story out?He was led to an empty tabularise. There was another table, with several well-dressed men, al with piles of papers in front of them.But the thing that held Matts attention at that table was Caroline. He didnt secernate her at first. She was clothing a dove colorise cotton dress. Gray With no jewelry on at all, and insidious makeup. The only color was in her hair a brazen auburn. It looked like her old hair, not the brindle color it had been when she was starting to become a werewolf. Had she learned to control her form at last? That was bad news. Very bad.And final y, with an air of walking on eggshel s, in came the jury. They had to know how irregular this was, but they unbroken coming in, just twelve of them, just enough to fil the jury seats.Matt suddenly realized that there was a figure sitting at the desk high above him. Had he been there al on? NoAl rise for Justice Thomas Hol oway,boomed a bailiff. Matt stood and wondered if the trial was real y going to start without his lawyer. But before everyone could sit, there was a crash of porta doors, and a tal flock of papers on legs hurried into the courtroom, became a charr in her early twenties, and dumped the papers on the table beside him.Gwen Sawicki here present,the young woman gasped.Judge Hol oways neck shot out like a tortoises, to train her into his realm of sight. You have been appointed on behalf of the defense?If it pleases Your Honor, yes, Your Honor al of thirty minutes ago. I had no idea we had gone to iniquity sessions, Your Honor.Dont you be pert with meJudge Hol oway snapped. As he went on to al ow the prosecution attorneys to introduce themselves, Matt pondered on the word pert.It was another of those words, he thought, that was never utilize toward males. A pert man was a joke. While a pert girl or woman sounded just fine. But why?Cal me Gwen,a voice whispered beside him, and Matt looked to see a girl with brown eyes and brown hair back in a ponytail. She wasnt exactly handsome, but she looked frank and straightforward, which made her the prettiest thing in the room.Im Matt Well, obviously,Matt said.Is this your girl, Carolyn?Gwen was whispering, showing a picture of the old Caroline at some dance, wearing stilts, and with tanned legs that went up and up to almost meet before a miniskirt took over, black and lacy. She had on a white blouse so tight at the bust that it simply seemed able to contain her natural assets. Her makeup was exactly the opposite of subtle.Her names Caroline and shes never been my girl, but thats her the real her,Matt whispered. Before Klaus came and did something to her boyfriend, Tyler Smal wood. But I have to tel you what happened when she found out she was pregnant Shed gone nuts, was what had happened. No one knew where Tyler was dead after the final fight against Klaus, turned into a ful wolf in conceal whatever. So Caroline had tried to pin it on Matt until Shinichi appeared and became her boyfriend.But Shinichi and Misao were playing a wild joke on her, pretending that Shinichi would marry her. It was after she realized that Shinichi didnt care at allthat Caroline had gone total y bal istic, and had real y tried to make Matt fit the gaping gob in her life. Matt did his best to explain this to Gwen so she could explain it to the jury, until the judges voice interrupted him.We wil dispense with opening arguments,said Judge Hol oway, since the hour is so late. Wil the prosecution cal its first witness?Wait ObjectionMatt shouted, ignoring Gwens tugging at his arm and her hissing You cant object to the judges rulingsAnd the judge cant do this to me,Matt said, twitching his T-shirt back from between her fingers. I havent even had a chance to meet with my public defender yet peradventure you should have accepted a public defender earlier,replied the judge, sipping from a glass of water. He suddenly crush his head at Matt and snapped, Eh?Thats ridiculous,cried Matt. You wouldnt give me my phone cal to get a lawyerDid he ever ask for a phone cal ?Judge Hol oway snapped, his eyes traveling round the room.The two officers who had beat Matt up solemnly move their heads. At this, the bailiff, whom Matt suddenly recognized as the guy whod unploughed him in the jury room for around four hours, began wagging his head back and forth in the negative. They al three wagged, almost in unison.Then you forfeited that right by not asking for it,the judge snapped. It seemed to be his only way of speaking. You cant demand it in the center of a trial. Now, as I was formula I object Matt shouted even louder. Theyre al lying Look at your own tape measures of them interrogating me. Al I kept saying Counselor,the judge snarled at Gwe n, control your knob or you wil be held in contempt of courtYou have to shut up,Gwen hissed at Matt.You cant make me shut up You cant have this trial while youre breaking al the rulesShut your trap The judge belted out the words at a surprising volume. He then added, The next person to make a remark without my express permission shal be held in contempt of court to the tune of a night in jail and five hundred dol ars.He paused to look around to see if this had change posture in. Now,he said. Prosecution, cal your first witness.We cal Caroline Beulah Forbes to the stand.Carolines figure had changed. Her stomach was sort of upside-down-avocado-shaped now. Matt heard murmurs.Caroline Beula Forbes, do you swear that the testimony you shal give wil be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth?Somewhere involved inside, Matt was shaking. He didnt know if it was mostly anger or mostly fear or an advert combination of both. But he felt like a geyser ready to blow not necess arily because he wanted to, but because forces beyond his control were taking hold of him. Gentle Matt, smooth Matt, Obedient Matt he had left al those behind somewhere. Raging Matt, Rampaging Matt, that was about al he could be.From a dim outside world, voices came filtering into his reverie. And one voice pricked and stung like a puzzle.Do you recognize the boy you have named as your former boyfriend Matthew Jeffrey Honeycutt here in this room?Yes,the prickly nettle voice said softly. Hes sitting at the defense table, in the gray T-shirt.Matts head flew up. He looked Caroline straight in the eye. You know thats a lie,he said. We never went on one date together. Ever.The judge, who had seemed to be asleep, now woke up.Bailiffhe snapped. Restrain the defendant immediately.Matt tensed. As Gwen Sawicki moaned, Matt suddenly found himself being held while duct tape was wrapped round and round his lip.He fought. He tried to get up. So they duct-taped him around his waist to the chai r. As they final y left him alone, the judge said, If he runs off with that chair, you wil pay it out of your own salary, Miz Sawicki.Matt could feel Gwen Sawicki trembling beside him. Not with fear. He could recognize the about-to-explode expression and realized that she was going to be next. And then the judge would hold her in contempt and who would speak up for him?He met her eyes and shook his head firmly at her. But he also shook his head at every lie Caroline came up with.We had to hold back it a secret, our relationship,Caroline was saying demurely, straightening the gray dress. Because Tyler Smal wood, my previous boyfriend, might have found out. Then he would have I mean, I didnt want any trouble between them.Yeah, Matt thought bitterly youd better walk narrow y because Tylers dad probably has as many good friends in here as yours does. More. Matt tuned out until he heard the prosecutor say, And did anything unusual happen on the night in gesture?Well, we went out toge ther in his car. We went over near the boardinghouseno one would see us thereYes, I Im afraid I did give him aa love-bite. But after that I wanted to leave, but he didnt stop. I had to try to fight him off. I scratched him with my nails The prosecution offers PeoplesExhibit 2 a picture of the deep fingernail scores on the defendants arm Gwens eyes, meeting Matts, looked dul . Beaten. She showed Matt a picture of what he remembered the deep marks made by the huge malachs teeth when he had pul ed his arm out of its mouth. The defense wil stipulateSo admitted.But no matter how I screamed and foughtWell, he was too strong, and I I couldnt Caroline tossed her head in agony of remembered shame. Tears flooded from her eyes.Your Honor, perhaps the defendant ineluctably a break to freshen her makeup,Gwen suggested bitterly.Young lady, you are getting on my nerves. The prosecution can care for its own clients I mean witnesses Your witness from the prosecution.Matt had scribbled as m uch of the real story as he could onto a blank sheet of paper while Carolines theatrics had gone on. Gwen was now reading this.So,she said, your ex, Tyler Smal wood, is not and has never been a she swal owed a werewolf.Through her tears of shame Caroline laughed lightly. Of course not. Werewolves arent real.Like vampires.Vampires arent real either, if thats what you mean. How could they be?Caroline was looking into every shadow of the room as she said this.Gwen was doing a good job, Matt realized. Carolines demure patina was beginning to chip.And tidy sum never come back from the dead in these recent times, I mean,Gwen said.Well, as to that malice had crept into Carolines voice if you just go to the boardinghouse in Fel s Church, you can see that theres a girl cal ed Elena Gilbert, who was supposed to have drowned last year. On Founders Day, after the parade. She was throw off Fel s Church, of course.There was a murmur among the reporters. Supernatural stuff sold better than anything else, especial y if a pretty girl was involved. Matt could see a smirk making the rounds. parade Miz Sawicki, you wil keep to the facts in this caseYes, Your Honor.Gwen looked thwarted. Okay, Caroline, lets go back to the day of the al eged assault. After the events you have narrated, did you cal the police at once?I wastoo ashamed. But then I realized I might be pregnant or have some horrid complaint, and I knew I had to tel .But that horrid disease wasnt lycanthropy being a werewolf, right? Because that couldnt be true.Gwen looked anxiously down at Matt and Matt looked bleakly up at her. Hed hoped that if Caroline were forced to keep talking about werewolves she would eventual y start to twitch.But she seemed to have complete control over herself now.The judge seemed furious. Young lady, I wont have my court made a joke with any more supernatural nonsenseMatt stared at the ceiling. He was going to jail. For a long time. For something he hadnt done. For something he wou ld never do. And besides, now, there might be reporters going over to the boardinghouse to bother Elena and Stefan.Damn Caroline had managed to get that in despite the blood blighter shed made never to give their secret away.Damon had signed that oath as well. For a moment Matt wished that Damon were back and right here, to take revenge on her. Matt didnt care how many times he got cal ed Muttif Damon would just appear. But Damon didnt.Matt realized that the duct tape around his middle was low enough that he could slam his head against the defense table. He did this, making a smal boom.If your client wishes to be completely immobilized, Miz Sawicki, it can be But then they al heard it. Like an echo, but delayed. And much louder than the sound of a head striking a table.BOOMAnd again.BOOMAnd then the distant, unreassuring sound of doors slamming open as if they had been hit by a battering ram.At this point the people in the courtroom Stillcould have scattered. But where was there to go?BOOM Another, closer door slamming open.Order Order in the courtroomFootsteps sounded down the wooden floor of the corridor.Order OrderBut no one, not even a judge, could stop this many people from muttering. And late in the evening, in a locked courthouse, after al that talk of vampires and werewolvesFootsteps coming closer. A door, quite near, crashing and creaking.A ripple ofsomethingwent through the courtroom.Caroline gasped, clutching at her bulging stomach.Bar those doors Bailiff Lock themBar them how, Your Honor? And they only lock from the outside whatever it was, it was very close The doors to the courtroom opened, creaking. Matt put a calming hand on Gwens wrist, plait his neck to see behind him.Standing in the doorway was saber, looking, as always, as big as a smal pony. Mrs. Flowers walked beside him Stefan and Elena drew up the rear.Heavy clicking footsteps as Saber, alone, went up to Caroline, who was gasping and quivering.Utter silence as everyone took in the sight of the giant beast, his coat ebony black, his eyes dark and moist as he took a leisurely look around the courtroom.Then, deep in his chest, Saber went hmmf.Around Matt people were gasping and writhing, as if they itched al over. He stared and saw Gwen staring along with him as the gasping became a panting.Final y Saber tilted his nose to the ceiling and howled.What happened after that wasnt pretty from Matts point of view. Not seeing Carolines nose and mouth jut out to make a muzzle. Not seeing her eyes recede into smal , deep, fur-lined holes.And her hands, fingers shrinking into unable to help waving paws, widespread, with black claws. That wasnt pretty.But the animal at the end was beautiful. Matt didnt know if shed absorbed her gray dress or shucked it off or what. He did know that a handsome gray wolf leaped from the defendants chair to lick up at Sabers chops, rol ing al the way on the floor to frolic around the huge animal, who was so obviously the alpha wolf.Saber mad e another deep hmmf sound. The wolf that had been Caroline rubbed her snout lovingly against his neck.And it was happening in other places in the room. Both of the prosecutors, three of the jurorsthe judge himselfThey were al changing, not to attack, but to forge their social bonds with this huge wolf, an alpha if ever there was one.We talked to him al the way,Elena explained in between cursing the duct tape in Matts hair. About not being aggressive and snapping off heads Damon told me he did that once.We didnt want a bunch of murders,Stefan agreed. And we knew no animal would be as big as he was. So we concentrated on bringing out al the wolf in him we could wait, Elena Ive got the tape on this side. Sorry about this, Matt.A sting as tape ripped free and Matt put a hand to his mouth. Mrs. Flowers was snipping the duct tape that held him to the chair. Suddenly he was entirely free and he felt like shouting. He hugged Stefan, Elena, and Mrs. Flowers, saying, Thank youGwen, unfortu nately, was being sick in a trash can. veritable y, Matt thought, she was lucky in having secured one. A juror was being sick over the railing.This is Ms. Sawicki,Matt said proudly. She came in after the trial had begun, and did a real y good job for me.He said Elena,Gwen whispered when she could speak.She was staring at a smal wolf, with patches of thinning hair, that came limping down from the judges chair to cavort around Saber, who was accepting al such gestures with dignity.Im Elena,said Elena, in between giving Matt mighty hugs.The one whossupposed to be dead?Elena took a moment out to hug Gwen. Do I feel dead?I I dont know. No. But But I have a pretty little headstone in the Fel s Church cemetery,Elena assured her then suddenly, with a change in countenance, Did Caroline tel you that?She told the whole room that. Especial y the reporters.Stefan looked at Matt and smiled wryly. You may just drop dead to have your revenge on Caroline.I dont want revenge anymore. I just wan t to go home. I mean He looked at Mrs. Flowers in consternation.If you can think of my house as homewhile your unspoiled mother is away, I am very happy,said Mrs. Flowers.Thank you,Matt said quietly. I real y mean that. But Stefanwhat are the reporters going to write?If theyre smart, they wont write anything at all.